Comparison of comorbidities among severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients in Asian versus non-Asian populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the comorbidities among severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients in Asian versus non-Asian populations. DESIGN: Systemic review and Meta-analysis. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus and the web of science Database up to 24 March 2021. Odds ratios were calculated using a random-effects model. RESULTS: We identified 66 studies including 39 Asian and 27 non-Asian studies. This study demonstrated that the proportion of hypertension was significantly higher in severe group than in non-severe group for Asian (OR = 2.46) and non-Asian (OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.37-1.86, I2  = 84%; p < .00001) patients. Similarly, the proportion of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease was significantly higher in severe group than in non-severe group for both Asian and non-Asian studies. We found no statistically significant difference between the severe versus non-severe group for cancer (OR = 1.26) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR = 1.32) among non-Asian patients.

Comparison of clinical manifestations, pre-existing comorbidities, complications and treatment modalities in severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

The global pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become an emergency of major international concern. We aim to assess the prevalence of clinical manifestations, pre-existing comorbidities, complications and treatment modalities in COVID-19 patients and compare incidence of these clinical data of severe patients with non-severe patients. An electronic search was performed in four databases to identify studies reporting clinical data of severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) using fixed or random effect model. The analysis included 41 studies with 16,495 patients. The most prevalent clinical manifestations were fever 78.1%, cough 64.6%, fatigue 40.8%, and dyspnea 38.6%. Dyspnea (OR: 4.20, 95% CI: 3.09-5.72), cough (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.18-1.78), and fatigue (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.14-1.72) were found to be statistically significant higher in severe COVID-19 patients. We found that the most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension 32.2%, diabetes 17.1%, and cardiovascular disease 15.3%. Compared with non-severe group, proportion of hypertension (OR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.62-2.42), diabetes (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.67-2.50), cardiovascular disease (OR: 2.78, 95% CI: 2.00-3.86), and cancer (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.40-2.18) were statistically significant higher in severe group. 24.7% patients presented with ARDS. The pooled effect of ARDS in severe and non-severe cases was 42.69 (OR: 42.69, 95% CI: 21.62-84.31). There was significant higher incidence of antiviral drugs, antibiotics, and glucocorticoids use in severe patients. Compared with non-severe patients, symptoms such as fever, cough, dyspnea, existing comorbidities, and complications are prevalent in severe COVID-19 patients.

Clinical features, comorbidities, complications and treatment options in severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this analysis was to assess the prevalence of clinical features, comorbidities, complications and treatment options in the patients with COVID-19 and compare incidence of these clinical data in severe and non-severe patients. DESIGN: Systemic review and Meta-analysis. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Sciences databases were searched to identify relevant papers until 20 July 2020. All studies comparing clinical data of severe and non-severe patients of COVID-19 were included. Heterogeneity across included studies was determined using Cochrane's Q test and the I2 statistic. Results were expressed as odds ratio with accompanying 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Twelve studies with 3,046 patients were included. The result showed the most prevalent clinical symptoms were fever 88.3%, cough 62.2%, fatigue 39.5% and dyspnoea 31.5%. Further meta-analysis showed incidence of fever, cough, fatigue and dyspnoea was higher in severe patients. The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension 22.6%, diabetes 11.5%, cardiovascular disease 10.3% and cancer 2.5%. We found that compared with non-severe patients, the symptoms, existing comorbidities and complications are prevalent in severe COVID-19 patients. Future well-methodologically designed studies from other populations are strongly recommended.